The Double Declining Balance Method of Depreciation

The  Double Declining Balance Method of Depreciation Did you buy a computer or an equipment today? Wonder what if you had to sell it off in a year or two? How much would you get? No matter what you own, it won’t be of the same value tomorrow as it is today.While it’s no secret that depreciation happens, when it comes to taxes, you might be better off selecting one method over the other when it comes to calculating the depreciation value. And that’s what this article will be all  about.Before we start with the whole Double Declining Balance Method  though, let’s look into what depreciation is all about. If you are new to the term,  here is what you need to know;  Depreciation  is the reduction of a fixed asset’s registered cost using specific  methods  until the value of the asset falls extremely  low.When we say ‘fixed assets,’  we mean buildings, office equipment, furniture,  machinery and more. However,  although  the  land  is also an asset, we do not include it in the list because it is an asset that  cannot  be depre ciated. The value of an asset such as land  appreciates  over  time  unless there are other environmental reasons for devaluation.Here is a video that talks about it in detail. TYPES OF DEPRECIATIONTo determine  the value of an asset, you have different  types of depreciation  methods and formulas. Few common  ones are as below:Straight-Line Depreciation Method  â€" This is considered one of the simplest methods of all. In this  method,  you will make  the  simple  allocation of the depreciation  rate  every year during the useful life of an asset. Formula: Annual Depreciation Expense = (Cost of Asset/Remaining Value)/Useful life of the asset.Unit of Production Method  â€" This method is used to depreciate the asset based on the number of hours the asset  is  used, or the total production of units during  its  useful life. You may say  that  the unit of production method calculates the output proficiency of the asset in question, instead of considering the number of years used. Form ula:  Per Unit Depreciation = (Cost of Asset â€" Remaining Value)/Units produced during  its functioning  lifeDouble Declining Method  â€" Double declining method is an accelerated depreciation method.  In this method,  companies take maximum depreciation charges in the initial years of useful life of the asset to lower profits in the income statements, instead of the later years when the asset loses its value. The lowering of profits in the initial years  enables lower income taxes during that time. Formula:  Depreciation = 2 X Straight Line Depreciation % X  Book Value*  (beginning of the accounting period)Sum of the Years’ Digits Depreciation Method  â€" Quite close to the declining balance depreciation method, this method also results in accelerated depreciation during the  useful early  life of an asset. For assets that can produce more in the initial years but slows down in the future,  this method  is more useful  compared to the  straight line  depreciation. Formula:  Depr eciation for the Year = (Cost of Asset â€" Salvage Value) X Factor (every year)*Book Value  â€" An asset’s book value is its worth at a given point in time. It is equal to the asset’s cost basis, minus the accumulated depreciation amount.The formula to evaluate an asset’s book value:  Book  Value = Asset’s cost basis â€" Accumulated depreciationThe benefit and reasons  for  each method  are  different, and using the right one that suits your business depends on the type of asset you have. While the  straight line depreciation method sounds the most convenient to use with streamlined accounting calculations, the declining  balance method provides you a precise accounting of the asset’s value.In a nutshell, depending on the nature of the assets and your company’s choice, you can pick one best-suited  depreciation method.PARTIAL YEAR DEPRECIATIONThe purchase of an asset might not always happen  at  the beginning of the accounting year. Sometimes, you might have to purchase some assets in the middle of a fiscal year as well,  and  this complicates the calculation a bit.However, depending on what accounting methods you apply, depreciation on  these sort of assets  can be treated differently. One of the methods would be partial year depreciation, in which the depreciation is evaluated exactly when the asset is in use and the convention in which the depreciation falls.First,  you will need to determine the asset’s depreciation. Check  if it  was used  for the entire fiscal year. By using the asset’s existing  depreciation schedule, you can determine the depreciation of the asset.Further, to extract the amount of the asset’s monthly depreciation, divide the total anticipated depreciation for the year by 12. Multiply this amount by the  number  of  months of the fiscal that the asset  was owned. The result will  provide you with a total amount of depreciation for  a  partial  year.Note: Each asset you purchase will  be depreciated  differently. You wi ll need to be mindful of which method you are using to depreciate an asset before you start your evaluation.WHY SHOULD BUSINESSES RECORD DEPECIATION?So,  now that we know what depreciation is, and different kinds of methods of determining the value of assets are, here is why businesses should record depreciation.  Understanding  accounting concepts  will help your business do more.As explained above, the purpose of depreciation is to match the revenue generated by an asset for the business,  with the cost of the  fixed asset during  its  useful life. Further, the cost of the asset is moved to the income statement from the  balance sheet during that time.What if we don’t use depreciation in accounting?  In such  circumstances, we will be required to charge whatever assets we buy, immediately after.The drawback of not using depreciation in accounting also leads to  an  overstatement  of assets and net income  in the balance sheet and income statement respectively.  Other repercussio ns are that  the cost  of the fixed asset  isn’t considered  while setting the sales prices, and since the established prices  won’t  be high enough, the cost of the fixed asset may not  be covered  as a result.WHAT IS A DOUBLE DECLINING BALANCE METHOD?The double declining balance depreciation method  is used  for accounting the expense of a long-term asset. This method is an enhanced form of depreciation that  is recognized  during the initial few years of the fixed assets’ useful life. Some companies use this method to carry forward the taxes to future years, which is known as double declining balance depreciation.This method also takes the depreciation charges in these initial years and lowers profits on  the  income  statement, instead of considering those later. Reason being, most of the assets loses its value after some time.HOW DOES DOUBLE DECLINING DEPRECIATION WORK?As per the GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles), public companies record expenses in the same period as  the  revenue  generated from those expenses. For example, if a public company has bought an expensive asset and will be using it for several years, the  entire asset expense is not deducted in the year of  its  purchase. The deduction  is divided  into many years.This  is beneficial for assets that  lose  its value over a period, because though the depreciation expense of the asset might be larger in  its  initial life,  but  it will become smaller later.For  example, let’s assume you buy a machine for $50,000. You’ll expect it to run for  ten  years, and estimate a salvage value of $5,000. Under the  straight-line  depreciation method, your company will deduct $4,500 for  ten  years ($50,000 $5,000/10). With the double declining balance method, the deduction will be 20% of $50,000 ($10,000) in the first year, 20% of $40,000 ($8,000) in the second and so on.HOW TO CALCULATE DEPRECIATION UNDER THE DOUBLE DECLINING METHOD?Being an  entrepreneur  comes with its risks.  To be able to apply the double declining depreciation formula, you are required to know the asset’s useful life and price first.By dividing 100% by the asset’s useful life (in no. years) you get the asset’s  straight-line  depreciation rate. Further, by multiplying that rate by  two,  you’ll get you  double declining depreciation rate. With this  method,  you’ll see that the depreciation will continue until  the asset’s  salvage value.The salvage  value  of an asset is the resale  value  that you can estimate by the end of the asset’s useful life.  To  calculate the  cost of an asset that will depreciate, you can take the cost of the fixed asset and then minus the salvage value.To summarize we may look at the below pointers:During the time of purchase of an asset, you’ll need to determine the original costDetermine the asset’s salvage value (the selling value of the asset once  it’s  useful life is over)Determine the asset’s useful lifeEvaluate the asset’s d epreciation rate (1/useful life)To  find out the depreciation expense,  and then  multiply  the  book value of the period by twice the depreciation rateDeduct this from the beginning value for the ending period valueRepeat these steps to reach the salvage valueFor example: If you have an  asset that values $50,000, you’ll  estimate the salvage value to be around $5,000 in five years, by the time you are ready to sell it. That would mean, you will depreciate $45,000 over these many years. You will sell the asset for $5,000, and remove the asset from your accounting reports.Here are two formulas to calculate straight line and double declining depreciation rates:Straight line depreciation rate = depreciation expense/depreciable baseDouble declining depreciation rate = straight line depreciation rate X 2WHY WOULD A COMPANY USE DOUBLE-DECLINING DEPRECIATION ON ITS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS?You need to take a look at the  economics basics  to understand and answer the question.  Using double declining balance depreciation on the financial statements allows a  constant  blend of both depreciation expense and maintenance and  repairs expense, during the asset’s useful life.During the useful life of an asset, the repairs and maintenance expense  is  generally low therefore the depreciation expense is high. As time passes, the repairs and maintenance expense will rise, leading to lowered depreciation expense.In such  cases,  the company  reports  lower net income during the useful life of the asset, which is pretty early and is mostly not deemed acceptable.ADJUSTING DEPRECIATION CHARGES ON BALANCE SHEET, INCOME STATEMENT AND CASH FLOW STATEMENTTo understand how to adjust the depreciation charges on your balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement, let us take an example of a machine that you purchased for a vital purpose in your company:If the cost of the machine is $50,000; the cash and equivalents will be reduced to that amount and will  be moved  to proper ty, plant and equipment section in the balance sheet.  Right then, an outflow of the $50,000 will be visible in the cash flow statement as well.Now, $12,500 is going to  be charged  to the income statement as depreciation expense for the first year, $10,000 in the second and this will continue for 3 4 years more. Though you’ll have already paid for the machinery in full during the time of purchase, however, the expense will be distributed over  time.With every passing year, the depreciation expense will be added to property, plant and equipment section, to reduce any  value  of the asset (this is also known as accumulated depreciation). As per the above example, after the first year, the accumulated depreciation will be $12,500, $10,000 in the second and so on.Once the machine’s  useful life is over, the carrying value of the asset will be very less. You might as well sell the machine, and whether profit or loss, this salvage value of the machine will be hence recorded in the i ncome statement. The amount received on selling the machine is the cash inflow in the cash flow statement, and this will  be registered  in the cash and equivalent section in the balance sheetRECORDING DOUBLE DECLINING BALANCE DEPRECIATION FOR ACCOUNTINGRecording your depreciation every month will keep your financial statements updated. As and when you  register  the depreciation of an asset, the depreciation expense and accumulated depreciation along with  the  net  value of your fixed assets will show in the profit loss statement and your balance sheet respectively. You will be required to record these expenses in a journal entry.To prove that  you own the fixed assets, you’ll need to own enough documentation, like title documentation or contracts, purchase receipts, and others as  proof.  Along with that, to track each asset, you will also need to create a  depreciation schedule.You might need to focus on  this especially if the amount of depreciation you log in the accounting , varies from the one  that  is logged  for tax purpose.What is a Depreciation  Schedule?A depreciation schedule breaks down a firm’s  long-term  asset’s depreciation.  This  is a calculation of the depreciation expense for the assets you purchased and then distributes the cost over the useful life of those  assets.  These schedules are not just for computing the expense but also to track the starting and ending  accumulated depreciation.This  schedule  allows a firm to track its  long-term  assets and analyze the depreciation over time.  You may conclude saying that it’s a description of the assets you purchase, it’s purchase date, cost, it’s useful life and its salvage value.Also, the depreciation schedule provides information on the method of depreciation, the current year’s depreciation,  accumulative depreciation  from the purchase date till today and the net book value of the asset.What is an Accumulated Depreciation?  â€"  Accumulated  depreciation  is  a fixed as set’s total depreciation, that  is charged  to expense from the time it was purchased and  was used. An accumulated depreciation account is a credit balance asset account; which means it will show on the balance sheet as a reduction from the fixed asset’s gross amount.The  accumulated depreciation amount  increases over time, as the depreciation  is charged  against the fixed assets. The actual cost of the asset is the gross cost, whereas the actual cost of the asset minus the accumulated depreciation amount (and any damage) is the asset’s net cost (carrying amount).When the asset is off  its  useful life, and you are planning to sell it, the accumulated depreciation amount is reversed, along with the actual cost of the asset.  This  eliminates all the record of the asset from the balance sheet of your company.ADVANTAGES OF USING THE DOUBLE DECLINING BALANCE METHOD IN ACCOUNTINGWe have constantly  reiterated on double declining balance  method  and also compared it to the  str aight line  depreciation method. So, below are  a  few  points,  to  sum up why it’s advantageous to use the double declining balance method in accounting.Double Declining Balance  â€" This method uses the depreciation rate to double the  straight line  depreciation rate. Let us give you an example  of  that. If the  straight  line  depreciation rate for a 5years asset is 10% each year, using the double declining balance method, the depreciation rate  is doubled  to 20%. Further, the distributed depreciation expense  is extracted  by using the depreciation rate to multiply the depreciation base.Matching Asset Value  â€" When you purchase an asset, you can rest assured that the asset will provide you with optimal usability, at least during the initial years.  For example, any technically sophisticated device may go outdated as and when  new products launch. The device  might not support the latest requirement,  and  this could happen within  a  few  years.  Since the device was  la test during the time of purchase, it  will provide  you  with  optimal usage in the initial years.Depreciation expense is meant to be a fixed asset’s cost  distribution  so that the actual benefit of the asset’s usage  is reflected  in  the same period.Maximizing Tax Deduction  â€"  As we keep mentioning,  the initial years of an asset’s usage adds more value to a  company  and generates  better profits and revenue compared to later years.  When this depreciation expense  is evenly distributed,  it might not help a company when  it  is used  for tax deduction.  In that case, companies need to apply the double declining balance method that gives higher depreciation expenses distributed in the initial years, to balance higher profits and revenues during the same period.Balancing Maintenance Costs  â€" The value of every asset drops with passing years and will require plenty of quality maintenance to keep it up-and-running for a long time. These costs may  be deducted  from the c ompany’s profits. In  these type of scenarios,  companies opt to distribute minimal depreciation expenses for the later years, to avoid adding more cost deductions to reduce profits.The double declining balance method distributes these depreciation expenses in  a  declining  method for the later years to balance the increased maintenance expenses,  with  the  least  depreciation expenses in the same period.Although  double  declining balance  isn’t  used  for tax purposes, a lot of companies apply this method for their internal accounting. Depreciation helps your accounts if you are planning on purchasing expensive assets.This  method  represents the value of electronics and cars precisely compared to other methods.  It’s because  vehicles, devices, furniture and  some  other types of  machinery  lose  value pretty quickly.DISADVANTAGES OF USING THE DOUBLE DECLINING BALANCE METHOD IN ACCOUNTINGNow that we learned about the advantages, below are  a  few  disadvantages as well t o consider before we move further. The double declining balance  method  also has few drawbacks over the straight-line depreciation method:Compared to the simple  straight line  depreciation method,  the  double  declining balance method is a little complicated.Since  the  majority  of your company’s assets will last more and will be used constantly during their useful life, depreciating the value at  an  accelerated  rate isn’t sensible. Also, it might not show the use of the assets precisely.Your company will not be as profitable later as in the early years. Therefore, it won’t be easy to gauge the  operating  profit of the company.ASSET ASSUMPTIONWhen we talk about  the term ‘depreciation,’  its  understood that it is a method that reduces a fixed asset’s registered cost until the value of the asset falls extremely low. If you purchased  a truck for delivery of your goods from one place to another,  look at how you will be using the truck to sell the goods.You can  as sume  the expense to charge  on  both the truck’s worth by the end of  its  useful life and its lifetime. These assumptions will affect the book value of the asset as well as the net income, and will also influence the earning of the asset after selling (if you would), for profit or loss compared to the  book  value.

A Framework For Understanding Poverty - 778 Words

A Framework for Understanding Poverty Tammy D.Pernell University of West Alabama July 10, 2016 Introduction A Framework for Understanding Poverty by Ruby K. Payne builds a model for combating poverty by tackling it at the earliest level of perpetuation-in schools. Schools, Payne advocates, should be the first line of defense against encroaching poverty and also the most effective weapon to beat it back. Unlike most economic tools, schools should be fine-tuned and deployed according to strict frameworks. Payne identifies two types of poverty and list eight resources which makes one a candidate. The thrust is thus primarily on how to deal with poverty in schools and how to equip the students with tools and education†¦show more content†¦2. Identifies strengths and resources already found in the individual, family, school, and community and adds new information and a new perspective for creating and growing resources. 3. Offers economic diversity as a prism through which individuals and schools can analyze and respond to their issues. 4. Identifies skills, theories of change, program designs, partnerships, and ways of building schools where students achieve. 5. Encourages the development of strategies to respond to all causes of poverty. Payne indicates that all individuals brings with him/her the hidden rules of the class in which he/she was raised. Even though the income of the individual may rise significantly, many of the patterns of thought, social interaction, cognitive strategies, etc., remain with the individual. Schools and businesses operate from middle-class norms and use the hidden rules of middle class. The norms and hidden rules are not directly taught in schools or in businesses. Implications for Counseling A Framework for Understanding Poverty is a valuable tool to the helping profession. It has a lot of good information about the cultural differences between classes. It offers practical solutions to many problems commonly encountered when educators have problems with their students who live in poverty. The book helps educators to assist students who live in poverty survive in the middle-class world. Payne s work has been eye opening in

Penn State Abington Essay Samples - a Short Outline

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Manufacturing and Packaging Line Free Essays

CASE ANALYSIS MEMO – SESSION 06 Keurig 2012. 11. 07 Entrepreneurial Management Dr. We will write a custom essay sample on Manufacturing and Packaging Line or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sean M. Hackett Waseda Business School, MBA Fall, 2012 Panjapol wariratanaroj (pe)– #35112329-5 JOanna chen (joanna)– #35112318-7 li wei– #35122327-5 kemal SADULLAYEV (kemal)– #35129403-1 Gaetano d’imprima (tano)– #35129755-8 I. Identify/Define the Key Issues/Situation Analysis A. Key issues that will impact Keurig to survive, thrive and grow †¢ Strong bargaining power from a supplier: MTS, being the only supplier for the K-Cup packaging line, has a control over the machine. Having no substitution plan in place, Keurig is forced to follow MTS’s request to fulfill the K-Cup manufacturing capacity. †¢ Difficult to ‘reverse engineer’ the manufacturing technology: despite the alternatives of having new K-Cup suppliers, there is no assurance that the new suppliers could complete the project on-time and on-budget as the learning curve is hard to be built at an initial stage. †¢ Delays in the full roll-out of the new coffee brewing system: delays in manufacturing lines (both K-Cup’s production and brewing machines) caused a subsequent delay in distributing goods to consumers. Thus, it created risk of losing market opportunity to other competitors. B. Critical Success Factors †¢ Quality of the final product: despite marketing efforts and distribution channels, if either the final product (coffee) tastes bad or the brewer does not perform well, it can’t be sold. †¢ Consistent and sufficient funding prior to the product launch: in order to create an impact to the coffee market, the large amount of funding is required to support the operations. Ability to bring a brewer’s price down in a consumer segment while keeping the good quality product: considering the high quality coffees, people are more likely to purchase a less expensive household version especially at a supermarket or grocery, which has the highest percentage for buying locations. II. Mobilize Strategic Choices A. Choice 1 – Work with multiple packaging line manufacturers at the same time and take advantage of the brewer that would take Keurig more seriously – Pilla. 1. Significance of choice 1 †¢ The supplier in less favorable financial situations is more likely to pay attention to Keurig’s needs. In this case, Pilla also possesses the capability to support the brewer production. †¢ Keurig can prepare Pilgrim and Quantum for future production while MTS is currently manufacturing the K-Cup packaging lines. This will cover the delay time needed by Pilgrim and Quantum to deliver future productions. †¢ More risk averse, multiple suppliers will decrease Keurig’s dependency on suppliers. Delivery time and costs can be more efficiently managed. Also, Keurig can observe suppliers’ efficiencies before deciding the major supplier. †¢ Multiple packaging lines can provide larger supply of K-cups for future expansion. . Reasons why choice 1 may not be optimal †¢ More price negotiations and work in progress varied by suppliers. Also, the working procedures may be different and buyers-suppliers relationship may be more complexed. †¢ The standard of the final products can be varied by suppliers due to a slight difference in manufacturing capability and technology. †¢ The financially unstable suppliers can be unreliable. For example, they may be in risk of facing bankruptcy, or they may lower SGA expenses and it will affect the operations. B. Choice 2 – Continue cooperation with MTS and change brewer to Pilla . Significance of choice 2 †¢ Does not waste time on searching for alternative packaging line manufacturers. Hence, avoid the time to be consumed by ‘reverse engineering’ process. †¢ MTS already has experience in making the first packaging line. Moreover, the product quality delivered by MTS is already known and acceptable. †¢ Good communication with MTS would ensure on-time delivery of future packaging lines. †¢ Enjoy cost-benefits from possibility of lower price from Pilla. 2. Reasons why choice 2 may not be optimal †¢ MTS still have very large barga ining power for future productions. Thus, the cost for K-Cup packaging line activities could be driven up significantly. †¢ Pilla, being financially insecure, can be a risk for the roll-out schedule in case there is a problem in the manufacturing processes as it links to the packaging line. †¢ Single packaging line supplier and brewer means lower production capacity compared with Choice 1, this would limit Keurig’s future expansion plans to go into the consumer market. C. Choice 3 Internalize brewer production and work with multiple packaging line suppliers 1. Significance of choice 3 Keurig will gain more control over the production because it’ll be easier to forecast production capacity and there’ll be more inventory control. †¢ Kuerig already have the people and the capabilities that it needs. †¢ Finally gaining the learning curve: product brewers will help Keurig to reduce its production costs and thanks to this reduction it’ll be easier to sell more brewers to distributors at less price and less defected products. †¢ Working with multiple suppliers on the packaging line side will give them less bargaining power making us more â€Å"independent†. 2. Reasons why choice 3 may not be optimal A big amount of investment required in terms of money to internalize the production †¢ Keurig need to buy new assets and it will need time to set-up the production in the new factory. †¢ Keurig will face the risks concerning the manufacturing activity. III. Recommend a Specific Strategic Choice Recommendation: . Choice 1 – Work with multiple packaging line manufacturers at the same time and take advantage of the brewer that would take Keurig more seriously – Pilla. 1. Keurig will be much more independent and it’ll not face again anot her situation as those encountered with Vandelay and MTS. This choice, even if could be risky at the beginning due to possible delays in the delivery of the complete brewer system (K-cup+Brewer), will ensure Keurig not to rely too much to only one supplier with a lot of bargaining power. 2. Relying on many suppliers will give Keurig much more control over their suppliers’ prices, unleashing a competition between them to gain more and more orders. It’ll also help Keurig to draw up more precise budgets and business plans that will not be affected by suppliers’ whims. 3. Thinking on a future expansion, Keurig need to find new suppliers who can easily support the capacity it needs. Risks/Limitations: . Even if it is a good time to find new suppliers, the moment is very risky because we have a schedule that we need to respect to start building the company reputation. Delays and other on-the-road problem with the new suppliers could be fatal for Keurig. 2. Some of the new suppliers suffer financial problems that, if not solved, can surely affect Keurig. A. Recapitulation of why this choice is the right recommendation We have a marketing plan that can be fulfilled only if everything on the supply side goes as it was supposed to. In order to penetrate the market K-cups will be sold to the Office Manager at a price of 0. 0$, with no charge to the coffee machine. The price of a cup of coffee is higher than our direct competitors but compared to other premium coffee (as Starbucks) the quality is very high and the people who tried our coffee â€Å"loved† it. The wholesale price to the OCS distributors and to the Food Service suppliers will be at 0. 25$ per cup and initially we will give them the machine for free if they buy a certain amount of cups. That’s the real marketing strategy, because distributors play a central role in this indust ry, so we need to be able to offer (actually fill them up with) machines so they’ll push hard to introduce it inside the market. The free machine plus high margin (100%) per K-Cup will help us penetrate the market. However to do so we need an efficient supply chain that could grow with us and not take advantage of us. We need to take the risk and diversify our suppliers so we will be able to give our machines for free to distributor. We also need to get ready with our capacity for when the demand will grow. We can’t manage such changes in our business plan if we are to haggle with insolent suppliers. How to cite Manufacturing and Packaging Line, Papers

SOAP note case study

Subjective section R.A is a 16-year-old female with type 1diabetes first diagnosed 5 years ago. She is also obese and has hypothyroidism. She was binge drinking, but quit 2 years ago upon being advised that alcohol could worsen her health condition.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on SOAP note case study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unless when she has an emergency, she usually comes to the hospital for follow-up every month. Today, she has come for routine follow-up. Although she is asymptomatic, her blood pressure is 170/99 mmHg. She does not report any episodes or symptoms of hypoglycemia. She was using insulin, but stopped 8 months ago after she improved her condition. Objective analysis R.A has a healthy appearance and she is not characterized by signs of acute distress. Upon being physically examined, it is shown that she has a height of 165cm, weight of 90kg and a pulse rate of 86 beats per minute. T he physical examination also reveals that she has a blood pressure of 170/99 mmHg. She does not present with retinopathy or thyromegaly (the retina is healthy and the thyroid glands are not inflamed). Also, she does not have diabetic foot ulcers that are common in diabetic patients. Laboratory tests show that she has proteinuria, a cholesterol level of 230mg/dL, normal TSH levels, Hb level of 9.5%, creatinine level of 1.7mg/dL, glucose level of 190mg/dL, HDL and LDL of 134 and 35mg/dL respectively. Also, laboratory results reveal that she has normal electrolytes. Assessment analysis Related complications These are complications with which the patient presents. They are the following: Hypertension Dyslipidemia Nephropathy that is confirmed by proteins in the blood. It is an indication that kidney nephrons are not functioning well to ultra-filter blood. Thus, excreted urine has traces of proteins (Ludvigsson et al., 2008). Risk factors Risk factors could worsen type 1 diabetes in th e patient. They are the following factors: Obesity, which is indicated by a body mass index (BMI) of greater than 25. Kidney malfunction (indicated by a high creatinine value of 1.7mg/dL). Hypertension (readings are greater than 140/90 mmHg). A1C/= 5.7%. Therapeutic goals Clinical efforts should focus on controlling glycemia to A1C level less than 7%. (However, caution should be taken so that hypoglycemia cannot be caused in the process of controlling blood sugar). It should be a goal to prevent cardiovascular disease from occurring in the patient (This could be a serious complication). Reduce blood pressure to values lower than 130/80 mmHg. This is the recommended upper limit of blood pressure for diabetic patients (Ludvigsson et al., 2008). Cardiovascular disease risks should be reduced by encouraging the patient to feed on food that helps to maintain healthy cholesterol levels. For healthy persons, the low density lipoprotein (LDL) should not exceed 100 (Ludvigsson et al., 200 8). Current medication R.A says that she is not on medications. A treatment should be initiated to lower A1C and help to control symptoms associated with type 1diabetes and other conditions. Other therapies may also be started to help to prevent complications that are foreseeable in the near future (Bergenstal et al., 2010).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Plan Further laboratory tests and work-up Tests to assess liver functions. Biochemical liver tests determine levels of biochemical compounds crucial in regulating normal physiological functions. Elevated levels of biochemical in the liver would indicate that liver functions are altered. In order to confirm that the patient has hypertension, blood pressure test would be repeated. If found to be normal, then the test will have to be conducted by many laboratories to determine the true values (Ludvigsson et al., 2008, Bergenstal et al., 2010). CBC should be conducted so that infections can be ruled out or monitored. It is important to rule out infections in the patient because they could lead to worsening of her condition. Also, it is important to manage the infections with the right medications. More history is needed that will capture the following details: List of effective and failed medications. A detailed family history to establish whether there are any relatives who have suffered from the same condition (type 1 diabetes) and the time of onset. Immunizations received in the past and their clinical implications. A review would be done to assess whether previous immunizations could have interfered with the normal immune system of the patient. Trends of adhering to medications offered in the past and barriers that hindered the patient from adhering to the medications. The medical history will help to select the best therapies to provide and ways of addressing barriers that could make the pat ient not take medications as prescribed (Ludvigsson et al., 2008). Treatment recommendations The diabetic patient will be put on insulin. In addition, she needs to adopt a healthy lifestyle that will involve feeding on a balanced diet characterized by significant amounts of carbohydrates. Also, body exercises will greatly help the patient to live a healthy life (Chase et al., 2008). Her blood pressure problem could be addressed by taking lisinopril 10mg daily. Monitoring Insulin use requires routine monitoring of blood glucose levels (Bergenstal et al., 2010). Carbohydrate and fat dietary intake should be monitored. Total fat dietary intake should not be greater than 7% of the total number of sources of calories (Bergenstal et al., 2010). Health education Educational approaches should aim to inform the patient about ways of using medications so that they could improve her condition. Also, she will be taught how to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Healthy lifestyle changes will inv olve a healthy diet and aerobic exercises like walking and running (Chase et al., 2008; Bergenstal et al., 2010). Follow-up and referrals A1C should be routinely monitored for a period of 3 months. Hypertension should be assessed at every routine visit. LDL follow-up assessments could be done every 1-2 years. Referrals will be recommended when her conditions worsen. They would involve being referred to physicians or healthcare facilities dealing with specific health conditions. Cultural interventions No cultural interventions are recommended for this patient. Nursing theorist The care, core and cure nursing theory would be used to offer care to the diabetic patient. The nursing theory was formulated by Lydia E. Hall and it asserts that a patient should set his or her goals (George, 2010). If the patient in the case study sets her goals, then she would work toward achieving them, and she would be influenced by her feelings and value system. The nursing theory would greatly impact t he patient to improve her condition.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on SOAP note case study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Bergenstal, R. M., Tamborlane, W. V., Ahmann, A., Buse, J. B., Dailey, G., Davis, S. N†¦. Wood, M. A. (2010). Effectiveness of sensor-augmented insulin-pump therapy in type 1 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(4), 311-320. Chase, H. P., Fiallo-Scharer, R., Messer, L., Gage, V., Burdick, P., Laffel, L†¦. Xing, D. (2008). Continuous glucose monitoring and intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med, 359(14), 1464-76. George, J. B. (2010). Nursing theories. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Ludvigsson, J., Faresjà ¶, M., Hjorth, M., Axelsson, S., Chà ©ramy, M., Pihl, M†¦. Casas, R. (2008). GAD treatment and insulin secretion in recent-onset type 1 diabetes.  New England Journal of Medicine, 359(18), 1909-1920. This case study on SOAP note case study was written and submitted by user Cyrus Moran to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write an Opinion Essay

How to Write an Opinion Essay How to Write an Opinion Essay How to write an opinion essay? In simple terms, an opinion essay is a text, which reflects your personal opinion on any topic: interests, books, authors, places, etc. The essay should argue our personal opinion about something, through which others have already said, for example. Know your subject In the beginning is the issue, because every opinion is always an opinion on something. The world is full of issues because it is full of questions, but not all issues are equal. Sometimes we are interested in the world as it is, sometimes we are interested in the world values and debate issues, and finally, sometimes we want to influence the world and issues debated decision. So, yes, opinions differ: in front of a fact, opinion is to explain, face a problem valuing the view, and at a crossroads the review is to select the best course of action. So, first of all we must know the nature of the subject. Writing an opinion essay – 6 important tips It is very common in schools that teachers assign an essay on a specific topic; the following steps will help you write a good opinion essay: 1. Choice of topic for an opinion essay You must begin with something that you really like; for example, your favorite music. 2. What is the opinion that you give about your topic? At this point one must wonder, for example, whether your favorite music is pop; what uses these genre elements to be characterized as such? 3. Read other sources that talk about your topic For this you collect other opinions and compare your view with them, always arguing with our knowledge and experience. 4. Start writing your opinion essay This point is very important because sometimes we are afraid to face the blank page. You write what you think, all about your feelings, experiences, examples to argue and specialized information that we have already read in some sources. 5. It is important that you quote your sources when writing If someone said, for example, the definition of pop, from it you can state who said it. Since there you can continue doing the trial. 6. You should note that an opinion essay is a type of free text Once you’ve rehearsed the themes and forms, to begin with, you can be guided by the simple formula: introduction, development and conclusion. In the introduction you put the leaders of your subject, in developing your views on the subject and, in the end, the final details after you have carefully analyzed the theme. When writing an opinion essay, it is important to first think about something you really like, from what you know. But if it is a school assignment and you do not know much about the subject, it is important to read. One important type is the literary essay, where you can mix all possible ways. Try it out, a specific theme never runs out completely. You can finish one, but then you can change your opinion. So, you can write another essay on the same but different. The important thing is to try, defend and argue that you feel and think.

Mistakes With Regard

Mistakes With Regard Mistakes With Regard Mistakes With Regard By Maeve Maddox The English word regard has multiple meanings as both noun and verb. A common error is to attach an s to the noun in certain expressions. Incorrect: In congressional questioning, assessment of Clintons performance at State in regards to the Benghazi attack was split by party line.- US News World Report. Correct : In congressional questioning, assessment of Clintons performance at State in regard to the Benghazi attack was split by party line. Incorrect: Texas Tech wants all or nothing in regards to AM  rivalry- NBC Sports. Correct : Texas Tech wants all or nothing in regard to AM  rivalry. Incorrect: Yoga outfit said to stretch truth in regards to assets - New York Post. Correct : Yoga outfit said to stretch truth in regard to assets. Incorrect: IRS Provides Guidance With Regards to Same-Sex Married Couples - Nova Southeastern University site. Correct : IRS Provides Guidance With Regard to Same-Sex Married Couples. Incorrect: If he was seen to be taking the party line and demonstrating strong leadership with regards to opposing the bill, this would do his chances no harm whatsoever.- UK History Learning site. Correct : If he was seen to be taking the party line and demonstrating strong leadership with regard to opposing the bill, this would do his chances no harm whatsoever. When does regard take an s? 1. When it is used to close a letter: Best regards, George 2. When it is preceded by as: As regards  the  issue of  complexity, this is quite evident: the brain is one of the most complex systems we know. 3. When it is used as a third person present tense singular verb: Respect is very important in the way  Scorsese  works with actors and also the way he  regards his  audience. Related posts: In Regard to Your Letter In Regards To Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Grammar Test 1"Wracking" or "Racking" Your Brain?List of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings